Acknowledgement

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

In the name of Allah, the most gracious and the most merciful. I would bow my head before Almighty Allah. The omnipotent, the omnipresent, the merciful, the most gracious, the compassionate, the beneficent, who is the entire source of all knowledge and wisdom endowed to mankind and who blessed me with the ability to do this work and Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) who gave us the spirit to learn. It is the blessing of Allah and His Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) that have enabled me to make my efforts a success.

I would like to take this opportunity, as an expression of my sincerest gratitude, to thank my supervisor Dr . Amjad Farooq Assistant Professor of Zoology at Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, for his guidance and sound advice throughout the study period. I am really indebted to him for his accommodative attitude, patience, sympathetic behaviour and providing me all the facilities required to complete this work. Without his constant help and deep interest, the completion of this thesis would not be possible.Iam very thankfull to the incharge Sir Amir Hamza for their kind support and guidance.

I express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. Seema Mahmood, Director Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, for providing me all the required facilities during research work.

A shower of thanks and deep sense of appreciation for all my research fellows and friends Maria Aslam and Tabinda Tahire for their moral support and guidance. Their cooperation and good company made my research work period a memorable one. Special thanks to my fellows Parsa Riaz, and Maria Aslam for their cooperation and moral support.

Words are inadequate to express my feelings and indebtedness to my affectionate family members for their prayers and best wishes for my access and success and especially my father and mother without whom I would not have been able to accomplish anything worthwhile.