Internship report of Muzaffagarh Powrer Plant

Introduction

A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which either drives an electrical generator or does some other works, like ship propulsion. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated. , this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fuel sources. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.

Commercial electric utility power stations are m9ost usually constructed on a very large scale and designed for continuous operation. Electric power plants typically use three phase or individual phase electrical generators to produce alternating current (AC) electric power at a frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz depending on its location on the world. Other large companies or institutions may have their own usually smaller power plants to supply heating or electricity to their facilities especially if heat or stem is created anyway for other purposes.

Table of contents

1		Introduction	7
2		TPS Muzffar Garh	8
	2.1	Installed capacity	8
	2.2	Introduction to phase#1	8
	2.3	Introduction to phase#2	9
3		Boiler	11
	3.1	Water tube boiler	11
	3.2	Boiler parameter	11
	3.3	Main part of boiler	12
	3.4	Boiler protection	16
4		Steam turbine	17
	4.1	HP (High pressure) turbine	18
	4.2	IP (Intermediate pressure) turbine	18
	4.3	LP (Low pressure) turbine	18
	4.4	Steam turbine specification	18
	4.5	Turbine protection	19
5		FSSS	19
	5.1	Decanting area	20
	5.2	Fuel oil tanks	20
	5.3	First lift pump	20
	5.4	Main heaters	21
	5.5	Second lift pump	21
6		The generator	22
	6.1	Working principle	22
	6.2	Main generator parameters	23
	6.3	Cooling system of turbo-generator	24
	6.4	Protections of generator	27
7		Cycles	29
	7.1	Steam cycle	29
	7.2	Fuel oil cycle	30
	7.3	Air flow cycle	31
	7.4	Condensate cycle	32
	7.5	Feed water cycle	33

•     T.P.S Muzaffar Garh

•                   Installed capacity

This power station is a vital and major thermal power generating installation connected with national grid system in Pakistan. This power station was constructed in different phases having total capacity of 1370MW. It consists of:

•      Three Russian units of 210MW each

•      Two Chinese units of 210MW

•       One Chinese unit of 320MW

•        Fuel

Dual fuel combustion provision gas & furnace oil has been made for all the machines. Furnace oil is transported through railway wagons and tank Lorries.

Unit#	Installed capacity	Working capacity	Constructed By	Construct-ion Date	Fuel Type
ST-1	210MW	170MW	Russian	Sep.1993	P. Gas, F. oil
ST-2	210MW	175MW	Russian	Mar.1994	P. Gas, F. oil
ST-3	210MW	170 MW	Russian	Feb.1995	P. Gas, F. oil
ST-4	320MW	260MW	China	Dec.1996	P. Gas, F. oil
ST-5	210MW	170 MW	China	Dec.1995	P. Gas, F. oil
ST-6	210MW	170 MW	China	Dec.1995	P. Gas, F. oil
Total	1370MW	1115MW

Table 1.1 brief views of TPS units

2.2 Phase#1 (Unit 1, 2 & 3)

This phase consist of three steam units each capable of generating 210MW electricity. The supplier started delivery of equipment to site in January, 1989 and after pre-assembly of equipment at site, erection started in July, 1990. Unit#1 was commissioned in September, 1993 and unit#2 in March, 1994.

Main Building:

It contains the turbine hall having a span of 45m and dearator bay, 12m wide. The stem turbines which drive generators are of three stage condensing type arranged transversely to the axis of turbine hall. The operational platform is at elevation 12.6m and a maintenance bay at ground flour near unit#1. The power plant is designed block principle: boiler-turbine-generator-unit transformer. The flue gas exhaust section of two units is connected with a 200m high stack, outer section of which is a 195m high concrete shell.

Combined Auxiliary Building:

The building is connected with the main building and it houses water treatment plant to produce 100t/h dematerialized water for the replenishment of station losses. Hydrogen plant to provide hydrogen for cooling of generator's r rotor, maintenance shops, laboratories, and central control room.

Fuel & Oil Facilities:

Fuel oil facilities are constructed for decanting, oil storage, preparation and supply of fuel to boiler nozzles. It also includes HSD storage as well as oil facilities for reception, storage, purification and centralized delivery of turbine oil and insulating oil to power plant.

Hydraulic Structures:

The cooling water used in condensers is re-circulated in closed cycle with indicated draft cooling towers, the water is being cooled for each unit in two cooling towers each consisting of eight fans, two cooling towers carry 27,500Cu m/h circulating water for condensers of one unit.

Startup Boiler:

One startup boiler using diesel oil as fuel with steam output of 50t/h is provided to meet steam requirement for initial start of unit as well as a backup of power plant auxiliaries. A separate stack of 30m high has been constructed for it.

Electrical Part:

The electricity generated at 15.75 KV is brought out from unit transformer at 220 KV and feed to the national grid via a switch yard. Power plant auxiliaries are fed at 6.6 KV.

2.3 Phase#2(Units#5 & 6):

It consist of two units of 210MW each having equipment similar to phase#1. Turbines are placed longitudinally in main building outdoor boiler exhaust of two units is connected to one stack.

Overview:

There are many different types of power plants including thermal power plants and hydel power plants. Thermal power plants use fuel such as gas, HSD, furnace oil or nuclear fuel to produce heat energy that is converted to electrical energy through a series of intermediate process. Hydel power plants convert the potential energy of water to electrical power as it follows from higher to lower elevations.

The "traditional" thermal power plant is the Rankin cycle plant named after the man who invented the cycle. A power plant cycle is a series of processes in which a fluid generally water/steam, is used to convert heat energy to mechanical energy. The Rankin cycle in its simplest form consists of a boiler, a turbine, a condenser and a boiler feed pump. Early plants had thermal efficiencies of approximately 25% to 30%. Only 25% to 30% of the heat energy in the fuel burned in these plants was converted to electrical energy. The rest was lost in various ways. The Rankin cycle has been refined considerably over the years and made more efficient by the addition of components like economizer, feed water heaters, super heaters and re-heaters. The efficiency of Rankin cycle has also been improved by increasing the pressure and temperature of the cycle. The laws of thermodynamics and considerations such as material limitation have prevented any significant improvement sense then. Power plants commonly use heat rate of measure efficiency.

Electrical energy

Generator

Mechanical energy

Turbine

Heat Energy

Boiler

Fuel Energy

•        Boiler

The boiler is the main part of any thermal power plant. It converts the fuel energy into steam energy. The fuel may be furnace oil, diesel oil, natural gas or coal. The boiler may be fire from the multiple fuels. The types of boiler use in the T.P.S phase#2 is "water tube type"

•                    Water Tube Boilers:

In water tube boilers, boiler water passes through the tubes while the exhaust gasses remain in the shell side, passing over the tube surface, since tubes can typically withstand higher internal pressure then the large chamber shell in a fire tube, water tube boilers are used where high steam pressure (as high as 3,000Psi) are required.

Water tube boilers are also capable of high efficiencies and can generate saturated or superheated steam. The ability of water tube boilers to generate superheated steam makes these boilers particularly attractive in applications that require dry, high-pressure, high-energy steam, including steam turbine power generation.

•                    Boiler Parameter:

Rated evaporating amount	680t/h
Reheat steam amount	575.8t/h
Main steam pressure	140Kg/g
Temperature	541°C
Outlet pressure of reheat system	23.8 Kg/g
Outlet temperature of reheat system	541°C
Inlet pressure of reheat system	25.8 Kg/g
Inlet temperature of reheat system	310°C
Feed water temperature	251°C
Boiler efficiency (Burn oil)	90.26%
Boiler efficiency (Burn gas)	85%
Exit gas temperature (Burn oil)	153°C
Exit gas temperature (Burn gas)	136°C
Consumption of crude oil	48.2t/h
Consumption of natural gas	59650 N/h

•                  Main Parts of Boiler:

The boiler consists of following main parts:

•      Force Draft Fan (FDF)

•      Burners

•      Furnace

•      Up Rise Tube

•      Down Comer Tube

•      Water Tube

•      Super Heater

•      Gas Recirculation Fan (GRCF)

•       Re-Heater

•       Induced Draft Fan (IDF)

•       Air Pre-Heater

•       Chimney

•        Boiler Drum

•        Economizer   

•                                Force Draft Fan (FDF)

The force draft fan sucks the air from atmosphere which is used in the furnace for burning. The air from the atmosphere is passed through the filter to remove the dust and other particles from the air. The air from the FDF is then fed to the regenerative heaters.

The motor of FDF has following specification:

Type	KK 800 11-8
Rated voltage	6.6KV
Rated current	114/121.3A
Rated speed	747rpm
Output	1000KW
Connection of stator/rotor	Y
Insulation class	F
Permissible rise	80K
Ambient temperature	40°C
No. of phases	3
Rated frequency	50Hz
Power factor	0.81
Degree of protection	IP54
Moment of inertia	310
Weight	12020/13250 Kg

•                              Induced Draft Fan (IDF):

ID fan sucks the flue gases from the boiler and exhaust through chimney.

The motor of ID fan has following specifications:

Type	KK 800 11-6
Rated voltage	6.6KV
Rated current	20A
Rated speed	991rpm
Rated power	2000KW
Connection of stator winding	2Y
Insulation class	F
Permissible rise	80K
Ambient temperature	40°C
No. of phases	3
Rated frequency	50Hz
Degree of protection	IP54
Moment of inertia	410
Weight	15970 Kg

         3.3.3 Gas recirculation fan (GRCF):

The motor of GRCF has following specification.

Type	KK 400 11-4
Rated voltage	6.6KV
Rated current	34A
Rated speed	1491rpm
Rated power	315KW
Connection of stator winding	Y
Insulation class	F
Permissible rise	70K
Ambient temperature	50°C
No. of phases	3
Rated frequency	50Hz
Degree of protection	IP54
Moment of inertia	11.7
Weight	•                Kg

•                                Cooling Towers:

Cooling towers are heat removal devices used to transform process waste heat to the atmosphere. Cooling tower may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or relay solely on air to cool the working fluid to dry –bulb air temperature. Common application includes cooling the circulating water used in oil refiner, chemical plants and power station.

•                                Circulating water pump motor:

The motor of the CWP has following specification:

          

Type	Y1600-12/2150
Stator voltage	6.6KV
Rated current	182A
Rated speed	372rpm
Rated power	1600KW
Connection of stator winding	2Y
Insulation class	B
Ambient temperature	50°C
No. of phases	3
Rated frequency	50Hz
Weight	17500Kg

       

•                                CW Pump:

Type is single stage double suction centrifugal pump.

            

Type	1400S25-1
Capacity	16000/h
Speed	370rpm
Power	1600KW
Weight	35000Kg
Head	25m
NP SHR	8.5m

•                                Air Pre-Heater:

The purpose of the air pre-heater is to recover heat from the boiler flue gas which increases the thermal efficiency of the boiler by reducing the useful heat lost in the flue gas. As a consequence the fuel gases are also sent to the fuel gas stack (or chimney) at a lower temperature, allowing simplified design of the ducting and the flue gas stack. It also allows control over the temperature of gases leaving the stack.

•                                Economizer:

Flue gases from large boilers are typically 450-650°F. Stack economizer recover some of this heat for pre-heating water. The water is most often used for boiler make-up water are some other need that coincides with boiler operation. Stack economizers should be considered as an efficiency measure when large amounts of make-up water are used (i.e. not all condensate is return to the boiler or large amount of live steam are used in the process so there is no condensate to return) or there is a simultaneous need for large quantity of hot water for some other use. The savings potential is based on existing stack temperature, the volume of make-up water needed and the hours of operation.

•                           Boiler Protection:

•      Fuel protection

•      Gas pressure protection

•      Diesel oil protection

•      Furnace oil protection

•      FD fan trip

•      ID fan trip

•      Regenerative air pre-heating trip

•      Drum level high

•      Drum level low

•      Re-Heat steam pressure drop

•      Furnace pressure low

•      Furnace flame out

•      Natural gas pressure high

•     Steam Turbine

    Turbine is used to convert the heat energy into mechanical energy.                       Turbine used in T.P.S Muzaffar Garh is impulse-reaction steam turbine. The load requirement is controlled by the steam flow through a governing valve. Maximum steam at full load is 670t/h. When the load at generator is suddenly decreased then the rpm (frequency) of the generator is increased and to decrease the frequency we lower down the steam flow which decreases the speed and maintains the frequency.

If load is suddenly increased rotor speed becomes slower, to increase the speed, steam flow is increased.

Steam turbine has three parts.

•      HP turbine

•      IP turbine

•      LP turbine

 (To re-heater) (From HP Super-heater)  (From re-heater)

                                                                                  Generator

Condenser

                  HP (High Pressure) Turbine:

First of all steam from boiler comes into the HP turbine. Steam in the HP turbine is called live steam or main steam. Rotor blades diameter of this part of turbine is smallest of the other parts of the turbine .Inlet steam temperature of the HP turbine is 540 °C and pressure is 130bar. Outlet steam temperature of the HP turbine is 290°C and pressure is 15bar. HP turbine has total of 12 stages including one is governing stage.

•                    IP (Intermediate Pressure) Turbine:

 Steam comes into IP turbine from HP turbine via re-heaters. The steam pressure in this section of turbine is 14bar and temperature is 540°C. This part has total of 10 pressure stages.

•                    LP (Low Pressure) Turbine:

 The outgoing steam of the IP turbine entered into the LP turbine. Steam from the LP turbine goes into the condenser.

•                    Steam Turbine Specification:

Maximum load	210MW
Live steam pressure	132bar
Live steam temperature	538°C
Rated speed	3000rpm
HP cycle exhaust temperature	310°C
HP cycle exhaust pressure	24bar
Re-Heat steam temperature	538°C
Re-Heat steam pressure	14bar

•                    Turbine Protection:

•      Lube oil pressure (low & high)

•      Vacuum drop

•      Live steam temperature drop

•      Axial shift displacement

•      Gas cooling pump tripping

•      HP heater level high

•      All FWP trip high vibration tripping

•      Trip unit by switch/emergency

•     Furnace Safeguard Supervisory System (FSSS):

•      The FSSS station consists of the following parts:

•      Decanting area

•      Fuel oil tank

•      First lift pump

•      Main heater

•      Second lift pump

•      Diesel pumps

•      Recirculation pumps

•      Recirculation heater

•      Filters

•      Control room

•                    Decanting Area:

The furnace oil that is used as a fuel in the burners of the boiler furnace to produce the steam is transported to the TPS through two ways:

•      Oil tankers

•      Train

 For unloading of the fuel from oil tankers and train there is separate          unloading or de-canting station for each. The unload fuel oil is initially stored in the underground reservoir; from there it is filled in the main storage tanks.

02 pumps are used to fill the main storage tanks from the oil tankers decanting area. One of them is active (on load) and other is standby.

•                 Fuel Oil Tanks:

From the decanting area the furnace oil is filled in the storage tanks. From there it is supplied to the burners of the boiler furnace after proper heating.

Usually one storage tank is called service tank, from there furnace oil is supplied to the units. The furnace oil is filled in the other tanks first and then filled in the service tank through recirculation pumps (RCP). The oil in the tanks is kept heated at the temperature 75-80°C. There are total 06 storage tanks for furnace oil each having a volume of 20,000 hence each can store 2,00,00,000 litter. There are two diesel oil storage tanks each having capacity of 1000ton.

•                    First Lift Pump:

First lift pump takes the furnace oil from the service tank and supplied to the main heaters. There are total 04 first lift pumps which are operated according to unit load conditions. The specification of first lift pump motor is as follows:

3 phase 50Hz induction motor:

Connection	Star
Power	55KW
Power factor	0.9
Efficiency	90%
Voltage	230/400V
Speed	2950rpm
Current	177/102A

•                    Main Heaters:

There are 04 main heaters each is connected to the respective first lift pump. The main heaters heat the furnace oil through the steam which comes from the boiler. Steam is used to heat the oil in recirculation heaters. The steam follows through the pipes which heats the oil outside the tube. The temperature and pressure of the steam in the main heater is;

•      Temperature                      270°C

•      Pressure                            11-13bar

•                    Second lift Pump:

Second lift pumps take the furnace oil from the main heater and supply to boiler of the units. There are 04 second lift pumps which are operated according to the unit load conditions.

The temperature of oil that is supplied to the boiler is 105-120°C.

The specification of second lift pump motor is as:

3 phase 50Hz induction motor:

•      Power                          250KW

•      Voltage                        6.6KV

•      Speed                           2950rpm

•      Current                        252A

•     The Generator

The generator is a device which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

•                    Working Principle:

The working principle of generator is based on the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states that:

"The electromotive force is always produced in conductor which is placed in the magnetic field when there is a relative motion between conductor and the magnetic field".

If the output electrical energy is AC, it is called alternator. If the output electrical energy is DC, it is called DC generator. In fact there is no difference between alternator and Dc generator except the way the output is obtained from the generator. In alternator the AC supply is produced in the armature and supply is obtained through slip rings where as in the DC generator are generated AC supply is obtained from the armature through the spilt rings or commutator which converts the AC into DC. The following three things are necessary for generation of electrical energy.

•      Magnetic field

•      Conductor

•      Relative motion between conductor and magnetic field

In the small generator the magnetic field is being produced in the stator and the electromotive force is produced in the rotor through Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The electromagnetic are used in the generator to produce the magnetic field. In the large generator the magnetic field is produced by the electromagnetic in the rotor and the electromagnetic force is produced in the stator .the output is taken from the rotor, the rotor must

Have high insulation due to high voltage induction and it must have heavy insulation which may increase the size of rotor, and require more power for the prime mover to rotate to this heavy rotor

•                    Main Generator Parameter:

•                              Pilot Exciter:

Type	Tfy-46-500
Rated voltage	93/161V
Rated current	286/165A
Rated speed	3000rpm
Rated power factor	0.875
Phase	3
Rated frequency	50Hz
Armature connection
Specification	OEA.513.039
Manufacturing date	1993-3-1
Rated capacity	46KVA

•                              Alternating Exciter:

Type	T1-1165-4
Rated voltage	431V
Rated current	1562A
Rated speed	3000rpm
Rated power factor	0.91
Phase	3
Rated frequency	100Hz
Armature connection
Specification	OEA.513.039
Manufacturing date	1993-8-24
Rated capacity	1165KVA

•                              Turbine Generator Water Hydrogen Cooled:

Type	QFSN-210-2
Rated capacity	246MVA
Rated output	210MW
Rated voltage	15.75KV
Rated current	9056A
Rated speed	3000rpm
Rated frequency	50Hz
Phase	3
Connection of stator winding	2-Y
Insulation class	F
Power factor	0.85
Excitation voltage	289V
Excitation current	18.67A
Maximum inlet water temperature for stator winding	50°C
Maximum inlet cooling hydrogen	50°C
Water flow for stator winding	35m2/h
Rate H2 pressure	0.3MPa
Specification	OEA.512.137
Manufacturing date	1993-2

•                  Cooling System of Turbo Generator:

The first question arises here is that why we need cooling of the generator? As the current flows in the stator and rotor of the generator is very high so it increases the temperature of the stator and rotor winding. As the result the resistance of the stator and rotor windings increases which increase the power losses and may cause the insulation breakdown.

Two types of cooling are used in the turbo generator of TPS phase second.

•      Stator cooling

•      Rotor cooling

•                                Stator Cooling:

The stator of the turbo generator is cooled by distillated or demineralized water. For this purpose a special plant is installed which prepares the demineralized water for the stator cooling. This demi water is also used for cooling system of the thirstier converts the water is passed through the hollow conductor of stator winding for its cooling.

The demi water is necessary for the cooling of the stator winding because raw water is not a pure insulator which may cause the flow of leakage current when passed through stator winding.

The demi water plant removes the impurities and minerals of the raw water and make it good insulator whose resistivity is taken at a minimum level of 200K.cm. The demi water that process through the stator winding absorbs the heat of stator winding makes it cool and becomes hot itself. The demi water then passes through heat exchanger (coolers) where its temperature is decreased by the circulating water coming from the cooling towers. This demi water is also passed through the mechanical and magnetic filters before passing through stator winding and thirstier converts.

•                                Water Parameters in Heat Exchangers:

•      Rated temperature of cooled water at inlet               32°C

•      Minimum temperature of cold water                           15°C

•      Number of gas heat exchangers                                       02

•        Rated water flow in on heat exchanger                         150m³/h 

•                                Rotor Cooling:

The rotor cooling is done by H₂ gas. Hydrogen is used for the following purposes:

•      Its heat exchange capability is much better than other gases.

•      It is very lighter than other gases so do not overload the rotor.

•      Its preparation is very easy and cheap.

Hydrogen gas is filled in the generator and maintained at a pressure of 4Kg/cm². It takes all the heat of the rotor and cools the rotor winding and gets warmed it. For the cooling of the gas there are four gas cooler inside the generator on each corner. Circulating water of the cooling tower is used in the gas cooler for hydrogen cooling.

Hydrogen gas is explosive if it is combined with oxygen under pressure so too avoid any leakage of gas and entrance of air inside the generator the rotor assembly is sealed by the seal oil whose pressure is at least 0.7Kg/cm² more than hydrogen gas inside the generator.

When the generator is turned off for a long time for maintenance purpose hydrogen is released from the generator in the air using special method. Method involves that firstly fill the generator with CO₂ which release the hydrogen in the air and then in the end air is filled in the generator and CO₂ is released in the air. This method is adopted because if hydrogen is released using air instead of CO₂ then it can cause explosion due to oxygen in the air which will meet hydrogen under pressure in the generator. After maintenance hydrogen gas is refilled in the generator using the reverse process as described above.

•                                Water Parameters in Gas Cooler:

•      Rated temperature of cold water at inlet                             32°C

•      Minimum temperature of cold water                                    15°C

•      Maximum water pressure                                                       3Kg/cm²

•      Number of gas cooler                                                               04

•      Rated water flow in on gas cooler                                        76.5m³/h

•                    Protections of Generator:

The following protections are installed for the protection of the generator in TPS.

•         Longitudinal Differential Current Protection:

This system is intended to protect against multiphase short circuit in generator stator winding and its leads including against double earth fault, one of which being the generator.

•         Lateral Differential Current Protection:

This system is intended to protect against turn-to-turn short circuit of one phase in the generator stator winding.

•         Earth Fault Protection of Stator Winding:

This system is intended to reveal and disconnect one phase earth fault of generator stator winding.

•         Differential Protection of the Unit:

This system is intended to backup longitudinal differential protection of generator.

•         Negative Sequence Current Protection:

This system is intended to prevent damage of generator increase of overloading by negative sequence current caused by asymmetric load or external asymmetric short circuit and abnormal operating condition of power grid.

•         Over Current Protection Against Overloading of Generator:

This system is intended for signaling at symmetric overloading of generator stator.

•         External Symmetrical Short Circuit Protection:

This system is intended to protect the generator against external symmetric short circuit.

•         Protection Against Asynchronous mode, when excitation loss:

This system is intended to protect against asynchronous mode. One of the elements of resistance block relay for protection of the unit against external symmetrical short circuit used.

•         Protection of Generator Rotor Against Overloading:

This system is intended to protect against overloading under emergency condition as well as increase of failure of generator excitation system which cause long term flow of current of abnormal value along the rotor winding.

•         Earth Fault Protection In One Point of excitation Circuit:

This system is intended to protect the generator incase of earth fault at one point of excitation circuit.

•         Protection Against Voltage Increase At Generator At Ideal Operation:

   This system is intended to prevent in admissible increase in voltage at turbo-generator and transformer of unit during ideal operation of the unit incase of failure of excitation system.

•         Zero Sequence Current Protection:

This system is intended to backup protection at one phase short circuit in 220KV network. It is also used to backup unit protection when short circuit at the 220KV side of the unit.

•         Differential Protection of the Exciter:

This system is intended to protect against all kind of short circuit in the exciter winding and on its leads.

•         Over Current Protection of Exciter Against External Short Circuit:

This system is intended to protect against over current in the external system of the exciter.

•     CYCLES

•                    Steam Cycle:

•                    Fuel Oil Cycle:

Flue Gases

Air Pre-Heater

ID Fan

Exhaust (Chimney)

   Fuel Oil Cycle

Burners (Boiler)

Gate & Quick Closing Valves

Oil Heaters

Furnace Oil Tanks

•                    Air Flow Cycle:

Economizer

Environment

FD Fan

Calorifire

Stock

ID Fan

A.P.H

Furnace

G.R.C Fans

                     Flue Gases Fresh Air

•                    Condensate Water Cycle:

Condenser

Hot well

Dearator

LP Heater B

LP Heater A

Cond. Storage Tank                                                                                                                        

Cond. Pump

Makeup Water

DA Pump

                                                                        From LP Heater

Detractor

•            Feed Water Cycle:

To Economizer

HP Heater B

HP Heater A

                                                                        

                       P-8                                P-14          BFP C

                                                                          BFP B

                                                                           BFP A

                          Make up water